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Antepara, I.; Villarreal, I.; Rodriguez-Martinez, L.M.; Lecanda, N.; Castro, U.; Laresgoiti, A |
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Evaluation of ferritic steels for use as interconnects and porous metal supports in IT-SOFCs |
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Journal Article |
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2005 |
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Journal of Power Sources |
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151 |
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103-107 |
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SOFC; ferritic stainless steel; oxidation; ASR |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
As a way of reducing the production costs of stacks by replacing ceramic components with metal components with a similar thermal expansion coefficient (TEC), today, much of the research work has focused on SOFCs operating at temperatures of under 800 degrees C. Some semi-commercial ferritic stainless steels (FSS) satisfy this TEC. Ikerlan has evaluated samples of two of these. Also, AMETEK stainless steel powders were tested in sintered disks until they were completely densified in order to compare results from dense and porous materials. The first tests performed by Ikerlan were conducted with dense samples and included the oxidation test in air at 800 degrees C and measurements of contact surface electrical resistance (area specific resistance, ASR), to compare electrochemical techniques (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, EIS) with the traditional four-wire method and indirect measuring of the resistance through current and voltage measurements. An alloy from the last melt manufactured by the company ThyssenKrupp VDM GmbH performed best. These results did not differ greatly from the previous laboratory results attained during alloy development. Only AMETEK powder metallurgy materials were tested as porous bodies, to compare these with these dense materials. and were found to provide much higher oxidation levels, as might be expected. While dense materials can operate under the working conditions of the SOFC, porous materials still need new alloys. |
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NU @ karnesky @ |
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497 |
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Athenes, M.; Soisson, F.; Bellon, P.; Martin, G. |
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Solid State Diffusion and Configurational Kinetics |
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Book Chapter |
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1999 |
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Proceedings of the International Conference on Solid-Solid Phase Transformations |
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433-440 |
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precipitation, ordering, nucleation, growth, coarsening, diffusion, vacancy, atomic scale, Monte Carlo simulation, kinetics |
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NU @ karnesky @ |
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277 |
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Blavette, D.; Martin, C.; Gallot, J. |
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Atomic probe analysis of precipitates in an iron-chromium-nickel-aluminum (FeCr20Ni2Al2) alloy |
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Journal Article |
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1982 |
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Scr. Metall. |
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16, |
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atom probe field ion microscopy |
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8124 |
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Blavette, D.; Soisson, F.; Martin, G.; Pareige, C. |
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Ordering and Phase Separation in Model Superalloys: 3D Atom Probe versus Monte Carlo simulation |
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Book Chapter |
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1999 |
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Proceedings of the International Conference on Solid-Solid Phase Transformations |
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65-72 |
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ordering, phase separation, Ni-Al-Cr, 3D atom-probe, monte carlo simulation; 3D Atom Probe, Superalloys |
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The kinetics of ordering and unmixing in model superalloys (NiCrAl) at 600C were
effects in the ' investigated at the atomic scale using 3D atom probe and by transmission electron
it ion here that microscopy. Very fine precipitates (lnm) with a well ordered structure (Ni3 Al) were
observed in the early stages of growth At this stage, their composition was found very close
to the equilibrium composition of the y' phase. Coarsening of y' precipitates was observed in
the early stages, for particle radius under 2 nm Monte Carlo simulations of kinetics based on
a atom-vacancy exchanges mechanism and using a residence time algorithm were also
conducted. Experiments and simulations have shown a good agreement. Monte carlo
simulations indicate that short range ordering of both Al and Cr precedes the nucleation and
Ni3AI ordered phase. The Cr content in nuclei was foun: to be close to that of
solution in the very early stages of phase separation |
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NU @ karnesky @ |
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275 |
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Brechet, Yves; Martin, Georges |
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Nucleation problems in metallurgy of the solid state: recent developments and open questions |
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Journal Article |
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2006 |
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Comptes Rendus Physique |
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9-10 |
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959-976 |
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Coherent precipitation; Recrystallisation; Precipitation coherente; Recristallisation |
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Nucleation processes play a key role in the microstructure evolution of metallic alloys during thermomechanical treatments. These processes can involve phase transformations (such as precipitation) and structural instabilities (such as recrystallisation). Although the word `nucleation' is used in both cases, the situation is profoundly different for precipitation and for recrystallisation on which this article is focussed. In the case of precipitation, species are conserved and the underlying physics is stochastic fluctuations, allowing the apparition of critical germs of the new phase. In the case of recrystallisation, the underlying physical phenomenon is the progressive growth of subgrain structures leading to an unstable configuration, allowing a dislocation free grain to grow at the expense of a dislocated one. The two cases require different types of modelling which are presented in the article. To cite this article: Y. Brechet, G. Martin, C. R. Physique 7 (2006). |
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NU @ karnesky @ |
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9593 |
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Cetronio, A.; Jones, J. P.; Martin, A. D. |
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Computer simulation of ion images as an aid to indexing small crystallites |
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Journal Article |
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1974 |
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Surface Science |
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Surf. Sci. |
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44 |
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computer simulation; Field Ion Microscopy |
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6715 |
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Clouet, E.; Nastar, M.; Barbu, A.; Sigli, C.; Martin, G. |
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An Atomic and Mesoscopic Study of Precipitation Kinetics in Al-Zr-Sc Alloys |
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Journal Article |
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2006 |
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Advanced Engineering Materials |
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8 |
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12 |
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1228-1231 |
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Aluminum alloys • Kinetics • Precipitation |
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No abstract. |
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1527-2648 |
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NU @ karnesky @ E.Clouet2006 |
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1856 |
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Clouet, Emmanuel; Barbu, Alain; La, Ludovic; Martin, Georges |
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Precipitation kinetics of Al3Zr and Al3Sc in aluminum alloys modeled with cluster dynamics |
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Journal Article |
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2005 |
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Acta Materialia |
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Acta Mater. |
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53 |
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8 |
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2313-2325 |
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Precipitation; Kinetics; Aluminum alloys; Cluster dynamics |
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Precipitation kinetics of Al3Zr and Al3Sc in aluminum supersaturated solid solutions is studied using cluster dynamics, a mesoscopic modeling technique which describes the various stages of homogeneous precipitation by a single set of rate equations. The only parameters needed are the interface free energy and the diffusion coefficient which are deduced from an atomic model previously developed to study the same alloys. A comparison with kinetic Monte-Carlo simulations based on the vacancy diffusion mechanism shows that cluster dynamics correctly predicts the precipitation kinetics provided a size dependent interface free energy is used. It also manages to reproduce reasonably well existing experimental data. |
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NU @ karnesky @ |
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211 |
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Clouet, Emmanuel; Nastar, Maylise; Barbu, Alain; Sigli, Cristophe; Martin, Geroges |
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Precipitation in Al-Zr-Sc alloys:a comparison between kinetic Monte Carlo, cluster dynamics and classical nucleation theory |
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Book Chapter |
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2005 |
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Solid-Solid Phase Transformations in Inorganic Materials |
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2 |
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683-703 |
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Zr and Sc precipitate in aluminum alloys to form the Al3ZrxSc1−x compound which, for low
supersaturations of the solid solution, exhibits the L12 structure. The aim of the present
study is to model at an atomic scale the kinetics of precipitation and to build mesoscopic
models so as to extend the range of supersaturations and annealing times that can be simulated
up to values of practical interest. In this purpose, we use some ab initio calculations
and experimental data to fit an Ising type model describing thermodynamics of the Al-Zr-Sc
system. Kinetics of precipitation are studied with a kinetic Monte Carlo algorithm based on
an atom-vacancy exchange mechanism. Cluster dynamics is then used to model at a mesoscopic
scale all the different stages of homogeneous precipitation in the two binary Al-Zr and
Al-Sc alloys. This technique correctly manages to reproduce both the kinetics of precipitation
simulated with kinetic Monte Carlo as well as experimental observations. Focusing
on the nucleation stage, it is shown that classical theory well applies as long as the short
range order tendency of the system is considered. This allows us to propose an extension of
classical nucleation theory for the ternary Al-Zr-Sc alloy. |
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Howe, J. M.; Laughlin, D. E.; Lee, J. K.; Dahmen, U.; Soffa, W. A. |
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NU @ karnesky @ |
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166 |
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D J Larson and D Lawrence and W Lefebvre and D Olson and T J Prosa and D A Reinhard and R M Ulfig and P H Clifton and J H Bunton and D Lenz and J D Olson and L Renaud and I Martin and T F Kelly |
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Toward atom probe tomography of microelectronic devices |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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Journal of Physics: Conference Series |
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326 |
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1 |
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012030 |
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Atom probe tomography and scanning transmission electron microscopy has been used to analyze a commercial microelectronics device prepared by depackaging and focused ion beam milling. Chemical and morphological data are presented from the source, drain and channel regions, and part of the gate oxide region of an Intel ® i5-650 p-FET device demonstrating feasibility in using these techniques to investigate commercial chips. |
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1742-6596 |
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NU @ karnesky @ |
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11288 |
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