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Atrens, A.; Wang, J. Q.; Stiller, K.; Andren, H. O. |
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Atom probe field ion microscope measurements of carbon segregation at an alpha :alpha grain boundary and service failures by intergranular stress corrosion cracking |
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Journal Article |
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2006 |
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Corrosion Science |
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48 |
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1 |
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79-92 |
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Grain boundary analysis; Pipeline steel; Carbon segregation; Stress corrosion cracking |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
This work reports on a critical measurement to understand the intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) of pipeline steels: the atom probe field ion microscope (APFIM) measurement of the carbon concentration at a grain boundary (GB). The APFIM measurement was related to the microstructure and to IGSCC observations. The APFIM indicated that the GB carbon concentration of X70 was not, vert, similar10 at% or less, which correlated with a high resistance to IGSCC for X70. |
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9396 |
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Ivanisenko, Y.; MacLaren, I.; Sauvage, X.; Valiev, R.Z.; Fecht, H.J. |
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Phase transformations in pearlitic steels induced by severe plastic deformation |
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Journal Article |
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2006 |
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High Pressure Technology Of Nanomaterials |
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114 |
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133-144 |
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Behavior; Carbon-Steels; Cementite Dissolution; Decomposition; driven phase transformations; field ion microscopy and 3D atom probe; Fracture; high pressure torsion; high resolution TEM; Iron; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; nanocrystalline; Nanostructure; pearlitic steels; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter; Temperatures |
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The paper presents an overview of a number of unusual phase transformations which take place in pearlitic steels in conditions of the severe deformation, i.e. combination of high pressure and strong shear strain. Strain-induced cementite dissolution is a well-documented phenomenon, which occurs during cold plastic deformation of pearlitic steels. Recently new results which can shed additional light on the mechanisms of this process were obtained thanks to 3DAP and HRTEM investigations of pearlitic steel deformed by high pressure torsion (HPT). It was shown that the process of cementite decomposition starts by carbon depletion from the carbides, which indicates that the deviation of cementite's chemical composition from the stoichiometric is the main reason for thermodynamic destabilisation of cementite during plastic deformation. Important results were obtained regarding the distribution of released carbon atoms in ferrite. It was experimentally confirmed that carbon segregates to the dislocations and grain boundaries of nanocrystalline ferrite. Another unusual phase transformation taking place in nanocrystalline pearlitic steel during room temperature HPT is a stress induced alpha ->gamma transformation, which never occurs during conventional deformation of coarse grained iron and carbon steels. It was concluded that this occurred due to a reverse martensitic transformation. The atomistic mechanism and the thermodynamics of the transformation, as well as issues related to the stability of the reverted austenite will be discussed. |
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1012-0394 |
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NU @ karnesky @ 9550 |
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9699 |
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Grenier, A.; Larde, R.; Cadel, E.; Vurpillot, F.; Juraszek, J.; Teillet, J.; Tiercelin, N. |
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Atomic-scale study of TbCo[sub 2.5]/Fe multilayers by laser-assisted tomographic atom probe |
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Journal Article |
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2007 |
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Journal of Applied Physics |
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J. Appl. Phys. |
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102 |
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3 |
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033912-33914 |
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Sputtered (TbCo2.5 25 nm/Fe 20 nm) multilayers have been analyzed by laser-assisted tomographic atom probe. It allowed us to perform three-dimensional reconstructions of the layers and to determine their composition at the atomic scale. From the concentration profiles inside the multilayer, we show that the diffused interfaces are not symmetric and that a stronger Fe-Co mixing is present at the top of the crystalline iron layers as compared to the top of amorphous TbCo layers. |
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NU @ karnesky @ |
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9807 |
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Grennan-Heaven, N.; Cerezo, A.; Godfrey, T.J.; Smith, G.D.W. |
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Optimisation of a scanning atom probe with improved mass resolution using post deceleration |
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Journal Article |
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2007 |
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Ultramicroscopy |
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107 |
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9 |
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705-712 |
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3D atom-probe; time-of-flight mass spectrometry; mass resolution |
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In this paper, we present calculations and experimental results obtained using post deceleration of ions in a scanning atom probe (SAP) geometry to improve the mass resolution. Various electrode geometries, tip to electrode distances in the range 50-170 mu m and three different pulse shapes have been evaluated. Experimental mass resolutions of 750 FWHM and 200 FWTM have been achieved reproducibly for the W-184(3+) peak without the use of a reflectron lens. 3D finite element electrostatics software has been used to simulate the ion trajectories through the instrument and thus to calculate the variations in velocities for the different electrode configurations. The observed trends are found to agree well with experimental results. |
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0304-3991 |
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ISI:000247770100003 |
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NU @ m-krug @ |
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9887 |
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Grenier, A.; Larde, R.; Cadel, E.; Le Breton, J.M.; Juraszek, J.; Vurpillot, F.; Tiercelin, N.; Pernod, P.; Teillet, J. |
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Structural investigation of TbCo2/Fe magnetostrictive thin films by tomographic atom probe and Mossbauer spectrometry |
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Journal Article |
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2007 |
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Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials |
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Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Magnetism, The International Conference on Magne |
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310 |
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2, Part 3 |
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2215-2216 |
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Magnetostrictive multilayer; Tb-Co-Fe; Tomographic atom probe; Mossbauer spectrometry |
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Sputtered TbCo2/Fe magnetostrictive multilayers have been deposited on both island posts and flat substrates and analysed by laser-assisted tomographic atom probe and 57Fe Mossbauer spectrometry. The three-dimensional reconstructions of the layers were obtained, allowing the analysis of the interfaces. Differences are revealed, as the Fe-on-TbCo2 interface is thinner than the TbCo2-on-Fe interface. This effect is attributed to Fe/Co interdiffusion, controlled by the establishment of the Tb layer. Fe layers are well crystallized. |
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NU @ m-krug @ |
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9974 |
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Causey, R.; Hsu, W.; Mills, B.; Ehrenberg, J.; Phillips, V. |
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Tritium Retention And Migration In Beryllium |
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Journal Article |
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1990 |
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Journal Of Nuclear Materials |
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J. Nucl. Mater. |
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176 |
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654-660 |
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With the recent successful operation in JET, beryllium must be considered a leading plasma-facing material. However, little is known about beryllium's hydrogen isotope retention and migration properties. This paper presents the results of a coordinated experimental program performed to characterize the hydrogen isotope retention and release in beryllium. In the first set of experiments, measurements of the plasma-driven permeation of deuterium through beryllium membranes were conducted. No detectable permeation was obtained for temperatures below 670 K, and the higher temperature results were strongly affected by the oxide layers on the samples. In the second set of experiments, samples were exposed to a D-T plasma in the Tritium Plasma Experiment. The samples were subsequently removed for dissolution tritium counting. The retention was seen to initially decrease with increasing exposure temperature, but reached a local maximum at 770 K. |
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Jet Joint Undertaking,Abingdon Ox14 3ea,Oxon,England |
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Elsevier Science Bv |
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English |
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0022-3115 |
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ISI:A1990FC48200101 |
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NU @ karnesky @ |
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10009 |
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Warren, P.J.; Larson, D.J.; Weston, C.; Cerezo, A.; Petford-Long, A.K.; Smith, G.D.W.; Cantor, B. |
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High resolution studies of metallic nanocomposite materials |
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Journal Article |
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1999 |
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Nanostructured Materials |
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Nanostruct. Mater. |
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12 |
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5-8 |
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697-700 |
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This paper briefly presents examples from current research involving metallic nanocrystalline materials within the Department of Materials, (University of Oxford. The paper focuses on local variations in chemistry within nanoscale microstructures. The materials under investigation include 1) electrodeposited single phase nanocrystalline nickel; 2) rapidly solidified amorphous nanocrystalline AlYNi; 3) sputter deposited Cu-Co multilayer films. (C) 1999 Acta Metallurgica Inc. |
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Univ Oxford, Dept Mat, Oxford OX1 3PH, England |
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Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd |
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English |
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0965-9773 |
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ISI:000081912200026 |
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NU @ karnesky @ |
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10018 |
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Van Deventer, E.H.; MacLaren, V.A.; Maroni, V.A. |
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Hydrogen permeation characteristics of aluminum-coated and aluminum-modified steels |
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Journal Article |
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1980 |
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Journal of Nuclear Materials |
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88 |
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168-173 |
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NU @ karnesky @ |
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10331 |
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Stiller, K.; Andren, H.O.; Andersson, M. |
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Precipitation in maraging and martensitic chromium steels - what can we learn using 3-DAP and EFTEM |
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Journal Article |
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2008 |
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Materials Science And Technology |
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Mater. Sci. Technol. |
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24 |
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633-640 |
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phase transformations; creep resistance; precipitate size; microanalysis; clustering; coarsening; reviews |
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Two complementary techniques for the characterisation of the fine scale microstructure of materials are briefly described: three-dimensional atom probe (3-DAP) analysis and energy filtered transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM). The 3-DAP is especially suited for the characterisation of clustering and of the chemistry and size of very small precipitates, in particular when several phases are present. Energy filtered transmission electron microscopy is useful for determining size, volume fraction and number density of precipitates in the approximate size range 20-200 nm, also when several phases are present. As examples of the usefulness of a combination of these techniques, results from two types of complex martensitic steels are reviewed: the sequence of precipitation in a high strength maraging steel, Nanoflex, and the microstructure of creep resistant 9-12% Cr steels. |
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Chalmers, Dept Appl Phys, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden, Email: stiller@fy.chalmers.se |
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Maney Publishing |
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English |
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0267-0836 |
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ISI:000258409600002 |
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NU @ m-krug @ |
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10507 |
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Juraszek, J.; Grenier, A.; Teillet, J.; Cadel, E.; Tiercelin, N.; Monnet, I.; Toulemonde, M. |
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Atom probe tomography of swift ion irradiated multilayers |
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Journal Article |
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2009 |
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Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms |
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267 |
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6 |
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912-916 |
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Ion beam mixing; atom probe tomography; multilayers; swift ion irradiation |
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Nanometer scale layered systems are well suited to investigate atomic transport processes induced by high-energy electronic excitations in materials, through the characterization of the interface transformation. In this study, we used the atom probe technique to determine the distribution of the different elements in a (amorphous-Fe2Tb 5 nm/hcp-Co 3 nm)20 multilayer before and after irradiation with Pb ions in the electronic stopping power regime. Atom probe tomography is based on reconstruction of a small volume of a sharp tip evaporated by field effect. It has unique capabilities to characterize internal interfaces and layer chemistry with sub-nanometer scale resolution in three dimensions. Depth composition profiles and 3D element mapping have been determined, evidencing for asymmetric interfaces in the as-deposited sample, and very efficient Fe-Co intermixing after irradiation at the fluence 7×1012 ion cm-2. Estimation of effective atomic diffusion coefficients after irradiation suggests that mixing results from interdiffusion in a molten track across the interface in agreement with the thermal spike model. |
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0168-583x |
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NU @ karnesky @ |
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10581 |
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